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Indonesia is rich in culture. Indonesian art and culture intertwined with religion and ancient traditions from the time of the early migrants with Western thoughts brought by the Portuguese traders and Dutch settlers. The basic principles that the life under the concepts of "gotong royong" or mutual assistance and consultation or "musyawarah" to come to a consensus, or mufakat borrowed from the re-lifes, this system is still very much in use in community life throughout the country.
Although the legal system is based on the old Dutch Penal Code, his social life as well as the rites of passage based on the usual or "adat" law that differs from area to area. "Adat" law has a binding effect on the Indonesian life and it can be concluded that this law instrumental in maintaining equal rights for women in the community. Religious influences on the community in different ways from island to island clearly.
Interwoven with religion and ancient traditions from the time of the early migrants the art and culture of Indonesia is rich in itself with Western thoughts brought by the Portuguese traders and Dutch settlers. The art and culture of Indonesia is formed around are hundreds of ethnic groups, each with cultural differences that have shifted over the centuries. Contemporary Indonesian culture is a fusion of the cultural aspects of the Arabic, Chinese, Malay, and European sources. Indonesian art and culture is also influenced by the ancient trade routes between the far East and the Middle East leads to many cultural practices is strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism and islam.
Language, Religion, Music, Literature, Dance, Drama and theatre, Architecture
Language
The official language of Indonesia is Bahasa Indonesia Indonesian ' ' or ' '. It is universally taught in schools and is spoken by nearly every Indonesian in business, politics, the national media, education and the academic world. The Indonesians also speak several hundred local languages such as ' Bahasa daerah ' as their first language. Javanese is also widely used in addition to other Papua or Austronesian languages in an area of only 2.7 million people.
Religion
The Government of Indonesia officially recognizes only six religions, namely islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Protestantism, Catholicism, and Confucianism. The largest religious group in Indonesia is islam with nearly 86% of Indonesians are Muslim. Indonesia is also the most populous Muslim-majority nation in the world.
Literature
Indonesia has many internationally renowned celebrated writers. There is also a long tradition, especially among ethnic Malay population, of impromptu, interactive, verbal composition of poetry referred to as the Pantun. Pramudya Ananta Toer, a acclaimed author won the Magsaysay Award and was considered as the Nobel Prize in literature. Chairil Anwar was also an important figure in world literature and a member of the Generation 45 group of authors who were active in the Indonesian independence movement.
Music
Home to hundreds of forms of music, it plays an important role in the art and culture of Indonesia. Traces of its origin can be made to the islands of Java, Sumatra and Bali. ' Gamelan ' is the traditional music from Central and East Java and Bali. Another very popular style of music is ' Dangdut ' which is associated with a free dance style. This style first came on in the 1970s and is very useful in political campaigns. Other types of music under the keroncong with its roots in Portugal, the soft Sasando music from West Timor and Degung and Angklung of West Java, which is played with bamboo instruments.
Dance
The traditional dances show episodes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata from India. Traditional Javanese and Balinese tint is also featured in the dance forms of Indonesian art and culture. The highly conformd dances of the courts of Yogyakarta and Surakarta are some of the popular variations. Mythological events of Indonesia are also depicted.
Drama and theatre
The Javanese and Balinese shadow puppet theatre shows ' wayang kulit ' display of several mythological events. A traditional folk Theatre, randai of the Minangkabau people of West Sumatra, is performed during ceremonies and festivals. Music, song, dance, drama and the silat martial art are all included together and are based on the stories of the legend.
Architecture
Indonesian culture, especially the architecture is largely dominated and influenced by Indian, although European influences are also particularly strong since the nineteenth century. Traditional buildings in Indonesia are built on stilts with oversized saddle roofs, that House the Batak and the Toraja.
